ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME MARINE SPONGES AND CORAL

ABSTRACT
Two species of sponge i.e., Xenia macrspiculata and Clathria
arbuscula, as well as one species of coral, i.e., Crella (Grayella)
cyathophora representing marine invertebrates were collected from the Red
Sea, Hurghada, Egypt. The antibacterial activities of their crude extracts was
investigated against, Against G+ve bacteria namely, Staphylococcus aureus
(NIOF-B16), enterococcus faecalis(NIOF-B21) and Bacillus cereus (NIOFB33) as well as G-ve ones namely, E. coli(NIOF-B17), Vibrio fluvial(NIOFB24), Pseudomonas aeroginosa(NIOF-B23), and Salmonella ttyphimurium
(NIOF-B35).The extracts were screened for the presence of compounds such
as terpenoids, tannins, anthocyanins, glycosides, phenols, flavonoids and
alkaloids that could be responsible for bioactivity. The extracts exhibited an
antibacterial effect against the all of the examined strains, resulting in
average inhibition zones ranging between 8.0 ± 0.1 and 20.0 ± 0.3 mm. The
presence of steroids, terpenes, phenols, alkaloids, and tannins found in the
extract fractions seemed to be the cause of the wide spectrum antibacterial
activity of these sponges Most likely, this is the first report on Xenia
macrspiculata, Clathria arbuscula, and Crella (Grayella) cyathophora's
antibacterial activity.