EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT CHEMICALS IN TREATING NOSEMA SSP HONEYBEE (APIS MELLIFERA) COLONIES UNDER ASWAN REGION CONDITIONS

This research was performed during the two seasons of 2020-2021 to evaluate the effectiveness of four different treatments in controlling nosema spp. in honeybee colonies located in Kom-Ombo city – Aswan governorate-Egypt. These treatments managed to reduce infection in both seasons as following: Silver nano-particles gave best results at 25ppm that reduced mortality by 99.21% -98.48% and reduced spores by 100% - 100%in the 1^stand 2^nd seasons, respectively, followed by Sodium chlorite's best results were at 10ppm where mortality was reduced by 90.20%- 92.59% while spores reduced by 99.96%- 94.34% in the 1^stand 2^nd seasons, respectively. Calcium hypochlorite's best results were at 100ppm and mortality was reduced by 99.00% - 99.08% while the spore count was reduced by 100% - 100% in the 1^stand 2^nd seasons, respectively. The aqueous Idoine (Lugol's iodine) best results at 100ppm and reduced mortality by 82.17% -86.30% and reduced spores by 97.57% - 90.39% in the 1^stand 2^ndseasons, respectively. Although the four treatments seemingly successful intreating nosema; negative symptoms appeared in higher concentrations. At 1000ppm of Lugol's iodine and sodium chlorite caused death of colony. While the calcium hypochlorite caused queenless hive and laying workers at the same concentration. In general, the four treatments appeared to be effective and safe for bees as they managed to reduce infection with least losses of workers and restored the colony activities.